英语句子之并列句怎么写(英语句子并列句例句)
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由并列连词连接两个或两个以上的简单句,所构成的句子叫并列句。并列句中的各简单句意义同等重要,是平行并列的关系,相互之间没有从属关系,它们之间用连词连接。
eg. Hurry up, or you will be late.
(注:hurry up 此处为祈使句)
构成:简单句+并列连词+简单句
常见连词
① 表示顺承、并列、递进关系的词:
and, as well as, both...and..., not only...but also..., neither...nor..., when...
eg. I have a sister and I like her very much.
Note: when 既可作并列连词,也可作从属连词(用于时间状语从句中),其区别主要为:
a. 位置不同:when 用作并列连词时,只能放在其连接的两个句子中间;用作从属连词时,when引导的从句可放在主句前,也可放在主句后(即:若句首出现when,肯定就是作从属连词)
eg. When I arrived there, she was cleaning the house.(when作从属连词)
b. 意义不同:when 用作并列连词时,前一个分句表示事件发生的背景,后一个分句有“突然发生。。。”之意;when 用作从属连词时,其引导的从句强调谓语发生动作的时间。
eg. I was sleeping when the door-bell rang. (when作并列连词)
eg. The bus had left when I arrived there. (when作从属连词)
② 表示转折、对比关系的词:
but, still(仍然), however, yet(然而), while...
eg. She did not so perfect, still, she did well.
③ 表示因果关系的词:
so, for(因为,一般不放于句首)
eg. I can’t join you, for I have a lot of work to do.
④ 表示选择关系的词:
or, either...or...
eg. Study hard, or you will fail the exam.
eg. Either Lily or Lucy will come tomorrow.
特殊情况
①并列句的省略
并列句中,相同的成分可以省略,余下的保持不变。
1.I am a swimmer and I like swimming very much. → I am a swimmer and like swimming very much. (主语相同,可省略)
2.I am sitting in the study and I am reading a book.→I am lying in bed and reading a book.(主语和部分谓语相同,可省略)
② 并列连词and 和or:
有些由and连接的并列句在变为否定句时,需要将and改为or, 某些情况则不用,具体为:
a. 当列举成分在否定词之后时用连词or; 当列举成分在否定词之前时用连词and
eg. She can’t sing or dance.
列举成分sing和dance在否定词之后,所以用or
eg. Lucy and Lily can’t sing.
列举成分Lucy和Lily在否定词之前,所以用and
注:若列举成分在一些表示否定意义的词,如without后时,也用or连接列举成分。但若该句为否定句,则不用or,而用and.如:
eg. We can’t live without water and food.
eg. We will die without water or food.
b. 在否定句中,列举成分都有否定词时,连接词用and,而不用or
eg. There is no bread and no milk in the refrigerator.
列举成分bread和milk前都有否定词,所以用and
eg. There is no bread or milk in the refrigerator.
列举成分bread前有否定词,而milk 前没有,所以用and
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