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高中化学卤素方程式整理题(卤素化学方程式总结)

导语:高中化学 卤素方程式整理

高中化学 卤素方程式整理题(卤素化学方程式总结)

1、氯气和铁:______________________________________________;

2Fe+3Cl2==(点燃)2FeCl3 这里,哪怕Fe过量,也不会生成+2价Fe

2、氯气和铜:______________________________________________;

Cu+Cl2==(点燃)CuCl2

3、氯气和氢气光照:___________________________________________;

H2+Cl2==(光照)2HCl

4、工业制氯化氢:____________________________________________;

H2+Cl2==(点燃)2HCl

5、氯气和水:________________________________________________;

Cl2+H2O==(可逆)HCl+HClO

6、氯气和氢氧化钠:______________________________________________;

Cl2+2NaOH==NaCl+NaClO+H2O

7、氯气和热的氢氧化钠溶液:_________________________________________________;

3Cl2+6NaOH==(加热)5NaCl+NaClO3+3H2O

8、实验室制氯气:_____________________________________________________;

MnO2+4HCl(浓)==(加热)MnCl2+Cl2↑+2H2O

9、工业制氯气:_______________________________________________________;

2NaCl+2H2O==(通电)2NaOH+H2↑+Cl2↑ 阴极产物,阳极产物要熟悉

10、次氯酸不稳定:___________________________________________________;

2HClO==(光照或加热)2HCl+O2↑

11、工业制漂粉精:____________________________________________________;

2Cl2+2Ca(OH)2==CaCl2+Ca(ClO)2+2H2O 石灰乳

12、漂粉精在空气中变质:_________________________________________________;

——————————————————————————;

Ca(ClO)2+CO2+H2O==CaCO3+2HClO或Ca(ClO)2+2CO2+2H2O==Ca(HCO3)2+2HClO

2HClO==(光照或加热)2HCl+O2↑

13、次氯酸钙和少量盐酸:__________________________________________________;

Ca(ClO)2+2HCl==CaCl2+2HClO

14、次氯酸钙和过量盐酸:___________________________________________________;

Ca(ClO)2+4HCl==CaCl2+2Cl2↑+2H2O 制备时用浓盐酸是为了制备效率

15、次氯酸钙和少量二氧化碳:________________________________________________;

Ca(ClO)2+CO2+H2O==CaCO3+2HClO

16、次氯酸钙和过量二氧化碳:________________________________________________;

Ca(ClO)2+2CO2+2H2O==Ca(HCO3)2+2HClO

17、次氯酸钠和盐酸:_______________________________________________________;

NaClO+HCl==NaCl+HClO

18、次氯酸钠和二氧化碳:___________________________________________________;

NaClO+CO2+H2O==NaHCO3+HClO 产物不能是Na2CO3

19、氟气和水:____________________________________________________________;

2F2+2H2O==4HF+O2

20、氟化氢和二氧化硅:____________________________________________________;

4HF+SiO2==SiF4↑+2H2O

21、溴蒸气溶于碳酸钠溶液:_________________________________________________;

3Br2+3Na2CO3==5NaBr+NaBrO3+3CO2

22、溴单质和氢气共热:_______________________________________________;

Br2+H2==(加热)2HBr

23、氟气和氢气:_________________________________________________;

F2+H2==2HF 冷暗处直接爆炸

24、碘单质和氢气:_______________________________________________________;

I2+H2==(可逆,加热)2HI 注意是可逆反应,也就是说HI能可逆分解

25、卤素(X2)溶于水:____________________________________;(X=Cl,Br,I)

X2+H2O==(可逆)HX+HXO

26、液溴和铁:_______________________________________________________;

2Fe+3Br2==2FeBr3

27、碘单质和铁:_____________________________________________________;

Fe+I2==FeI2

28、碘单质和锌(水):_________________________________________________;

Zn+I2==(H2O)ZnI2

29、溴单质溶于氢氧化钠:_______________________________________________;

3Br2+6NaOH==5NaBr+NaBrO3+3H2O或Br2+2NaOH==NaBr+NaBrO+H2O

30、碘单质溶于氢氧化钠:_______________________________________________;

I2+2NaOH==NaI+NaIO+H2O 信息中如果出现类似29的反应也不要惊讶

31、氯气和二氧化硫共溶于水:____________________________________________;

Cl2+SO2+2H2O==2HCl+H2SO4

32、溴单质和二氧化硫共溶于水:____________________________________________;

Br2+SO2+2H2O==2HBr+H2SO4

33、碘单质和二氧化硫共溶于水:____________________________________________;

I2+SO2+2H2O==2HI+H2SO4

34、氯气和氯化亚铁:____________________________________________;

2FeCl2+Cl2==2FeCl3

35、溴单质和氯化亚铁:__________________________________________________;

6FeCl2+3Br2==4FeCl3+2FeBr3 离子反应2Fe2++Br2==2Fe3++2Br—

36、卤化银(AgX)的感光性:__________________________________________________;

2AgX==(光照)2Ag+X2 AgCl、AgBr、AgI的用途…?

37、实验室制氯化氢:___________________________________________________;

NaCl+H2SO4(浓)==(微热)NaHSO4+HCl↑

38、实验室制氟化氢:___________________________________________________;

CaF2+H2SO4(浓)==(加热)CaSO4+2HF↑

39、实验室制溴化氢(碘化氢):_______________________________________________;

KI+H3PO4(浓)==(加热)KH2PO4+HI↑ HBr类似

40、氯化氢和硝酸银:____________________________________________________;

HCl+AgNO3==AgCl↓+HNO3

41、溴化氢和硝酸银:____________________________________________________;

HBr+AgNO3==AgBr↓+HNO3

42、碘化氢和硝酸银:_____________________________________________________;

HI+AgNO3==AgI↓+HNO3

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