高中化学卤素方程式整理题(卤素化学方程式总结)
导语:高中化学 卤素方程式整理
1、氯气和铁:______________________________________________;
2Fe+3Cl2==(点燃)2FeCl3 这里,哪怕Fe过量,也不会生成+2价Fe
2、氯气和铜:______________________________________________;
Cu+Cl2==(点燃)CuCl2
3、氯气和氢气光照:___________________________________________;
H2+Cl2==(光照)2HCl
4、工业制氯化氢:____________________________________________;
H2+Cl2==(点燃)2HCl
5、氯气和水:________________________________________________;
Cl2+H2O==(可逆)HCl+HClO
6、氯气和氢氧化钠:______________________________________________;
Cl2+2NaOH==NaCl+NaClO+H2O
7、氯气和热的氢氧化钠溶液:_________________________________________________;
3Cl2+6NaOH==(加热)5NaCl+NaClO3+3H2O
8、实验室制氯气:_____________________________________________________;
MnO2+4HCl(浓)==(加热)MnCl2+Cl2↑+2H2O
9、工业制氯气:_______________________________________________________;
2NaCl+2H2O==(通电)2NaOH+H2↑+Cl2↑ 阴极产物,阳极产物要熟悉
10、次氯酸不稳定:___________________________________________________;
2HClO==(光照或加热)2HCl+O2↑
11、工业制漂粉精:____________________________________________________;
2Cl2+2Ca(OH)2==CaCl2+Ca(ClO)2+2H2O 石灰乳
12、漂粉精在空气中变质:_________________________________________________;
——————————————————————————;
Ca(ClO)2+CO2+H2O==CaCO3+2HClO或Ca(ClO)2+2CO2+2H2O==Ca(HCO3)2+2HClO
2HClO==(光照或加热)2HCl+O2↑
13、次氯酸钙和少量盐酸:__________________________________________________;
Ca(ClO)2+2HCl==CaCl2+2HClO
14、次氯酸钙和过量盐酸:___________________________________________________;
Ca(ClO)2+4HCl==CaCl2+2Cl2↑+2H2O 制备时用浓盐酸是为了制备效率
15、次氯酸钙和少量二氧化碳:________________________________________________;
Ca(ClO)2+CO2+H2O==CaCO3+2HClO
16、次氯酸钙和过量二氧化碳:________________________________________________;
Ca(ClO)2+2CO2+2H2O==Ca(HCO3)2+2HClO
17、次氯酸钠和盐酸:_______________________________________________________;
NaClO+HCl==NaCl+HClO
18、次氯酸钠和二氧化碳:___________________________________________________;
NaClO+CO2+H2O==NaHCO3+HClO 产物不能是Na2CO3
19、氟气和水:____________________________________________________________;
2F2+2H2O==4HF+O2
20、氟化氢和二氧化硅:____________________________________________________;
4HF+SiO2==SiF4↑+2H2O
21、溴蒸气溶于碳酸钠溶液:_________________________________________________;
3Br2+3Na2CO3==5NaBr+NaBrO3+3CO2
22、溴单质和氢气共热:_______________________________________________;
Br2+H2==(加热)2HBr
23、氟气和氢气:_________________________________________________;
F2+H2==2HF 冷暗处直接爆炸
24、碘单质和氢气:_______________________________________________________;
I2+H2==(可逆,加热)2HI 注意是可逆反应,也就是说HI能可逆分解
25、卤素(X2)溶于水:____________________________________;(X=Cl,Br,I)
X2+H2O==(可逆)HX+HXO
26、液溴和铁:_______________________________________________________;
2Fe+3Br2==2FeBr3
27、碘单质和铁:_____________________________________________________;
Fe+I2==FeI2
28、碘单质和锌(水):_________________________________________________;
Zn+I2==(H2O)ZnI2
29、溴单质溶于氢氧化钠:_______________________________________________;
3Br2+6NaOH==5NaBr+NaBrO3+3H2O或Br2+2NaOH==NaBr+NaBrO+H2O
30、碘单质溶于氢氧化钠:_______________________________________________;
I2+2NaOH==NaI+NaIO+H2O 信息中如果出现类似29的反应也不要惊讶
31、氯气和二氧化硫共溶于水:____________________________________________;
Cl2+SO2+2H2O==2HCl+H2SO4
32、溴单质和二氧化硫共溶于水:____________________________________________;
Br2+SO2+2H2O==2HBr+H2SO4
33、碘单质和二氧化硫共溶于水:____________________________________________;
I2+SO2+2H2O==2HI+H2SO4
34、氯气和氯化亚铁:____________________________________________;
2FeCl2+Cl2==2FeCl3
35、溴单质和氯化亚铁:__________________________________________________;
6FeCl2+3Br2==4FeCl3+2FeBr3 离子反应2Fe2++Br2==2Fe3++2Br—
36、卤化银(AgX)的感光性:__________________________________________________;
2AgX==(光照)2Ag+X2 AgCl、AgBr、AgI的用途…?
37、实验室制氯化氢:___________________________________________________;
NaCl+H2SO4(浓)==(微热)NaHSO4+HCl↑
38、实验室制氟化氢:___________________________________________________;
CaF2+H2SO4(浓)==(加热)CaSO4+2HF↑
39、实验室制溴化氢(碘化氢):_______________________________________________;
KI+H3PO4(浓)==(加热)KH2PO4+HI↑ HBr类似
40、氯化氢和硝酸银:____________________________________________________;
HCl+AgNO3==AgCl↓+HNO3
41、溴化氢和硝酸银:____________________________________________________;
HBr+AgNO3==AgBr↓+HNO3
42、碘化氢和硝酸银:_____________________________________________________;
HI+AgNO3==AgI↓+HNO3
本文内容由小滢整理编辑!