英语现在完成进行时的用法(现在完成时态的进行时态结构)

导语：英语时态：现在完成进行时用法总结

一. 形式：have been doing (可理解为be doing 的完成式）

肯定句

I

You

We

They

have ('ve)

been reading.

She

He

It

has ('s)

否定句

I

You

We

They

have not (haven't / 've not)

been writing.

She

He

It

has not (hasn't / 's not)

一般疑问句及回答

Have I/you/we/they been waiting? Yes, I / you / we / they have.

No, I / you / we / they haven't.

Has she/he/it been waiting? Yes, she / he / it has.

No, she / he / it hasn't.

特殊疑问句

What have you been doing?

Where has she been staying?

二. 用法

• 表示“持续”： 即表示一个从过去开始持续的动作。

What have you been doing lately?

I've been revising for my exams.

The children have been having a lot of fun.

• 解释一个持续的行为对现在的影响.

My eyes ache. I've been reading all day。

She is very tired. She’s been working all morning.

• 表示一个可能持续到将来的动作。

This diagram shows how the climate has been changing.

注：1. 常用在how long句式里：

How long have you been studying French?

(该动作还在持续，没有完成)

2. 常见时间副词和连词：

all day / month; this month / week / year; these days; recently / lately;

in the past few + 时间段; since +时间点; for + 时间段，等等。

3. 现在完成时和现在完成进行时的区别：

现在完成时I've written my project. (已完成，不清楚完成时间)

现在完成进行时I've been writing my project. (持续到现在，未完成)

像 work, live等表示持续状态的动词，用两种时态区别不大.

I've worked here for three years.

I've been working here for three years.

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