主谓一致中的就近原则有哪些(主谓就近原则的产生)

在生活中，很多人可能想了解和弄清楚主谓一致是什么，什么是“就近原则”，这里有你要的答案的相关问题？那么关于主谓一致中的就近原则有哪些的答案我来给大家详细解答下。

一.主谓一致指主语和谓语动词在“人称”和“数”的方面的一致关系。

1.语法一致

主语和谓语动词之间的一致关系主要表现在“数”的形式上，即用作主语的名词词组中心词和谓语动词在单、复数形式上的一致。如果名词中心词是复数，动词就改用复数形式；如果名词中心词不是复数，而是单数名词或不可数名词，动词便用单数形式。这种一致关系叫做“语法一致”。

eg:

Both boys have their own meerits.

Many people want to go.

Each boy has his own book.

Either answer is correct.

Few students are really lazy.

Two girls were standing on the corner.

2.意义一致和就近原则

有时，主语和谓语动词的一致关系并非取决于语法上的单、复数形式，而是取决于主语的单、复数意义：比如有时主语在语法形式上并非复数，但有复数意义，随后的动词便用复数：反之，主语在语法形式上是复数，而在意义上可视为单数，随后的动词也用单数。这种一致关系叫做意义一致。

eg:

The government have asked the country to decide by a vote.

Fifteen miles seems like a long walk to me

Fifty-six dollars was stolen from the cash register .

有时，谓语动词的单、复数形式决定于最靠近它的词语（主要指名词）的单、复数形式，这种一致关系所依据的原则叫做“就近原则”。

eg:

Either my brothers or my father is coming .

Only one out of five were present.

No one except his own supporters agree with him .

二.如果句子的主语是并列结构，这种主语的单、复数意义往往会影响谓语动词的形式。这种主谓一致通常遵循以下规则：

1.由and/both....and 连接的并列主语

由and或both...and 连接的并列结构作主语，如果意义为复数，谓语动词用复数。

eg:

The fishing and the hunting in Arizona were good that year .

Both Pauline and her son Bob have gone fishing on Miramar Lake.

如果作主语的并列结构不是指两个或两个以上的人或物，而是表示单数意义，则动词用单数。

eg:

Ham and eggs is a good breakfast.

Brown bread and butter is usually eaten with smoked salmon.

有一些带连词and的省略结构形似单数，而意义为复数，随后的动词用复数。

eg:

Good and bad taste are inculcated by example.

What i say and think are no business of yours.

good and bad taste =good taste and bad taste

what i say and think=what i say and what i think

当and连接的并列名词词组带有each、every,或者many a 等限定词时，随后的动词通常用单数。

eg:

Every boy and every girl in this room is entitled to a copy.

Many a man and woman in this community finds himself or herself in need .

2.由or/nor/either...or等连接的并列主语

由or,nor,either...or,neither...nor,not only ....but also连接的并列结构作主语，随后的动词形式通常按照“就近原则”处理。

eg:

My sisters or my brother is likely to be at home.

Either her father or her mother calls for her every afternoon.

Neither the Kansas coach nor the players were confident of victory.

3.主语+as much as 等

当主语后面跟有由as much as ,rather than,more than,no less than 等引导的从属结构时，随后的动词形式依主语本身的单复数而定。

eg:

Some of the workers as much as the manager were responsible for the loss.

His brother rather than his parents is to blame.

My wife,more than anyone else in the family ,is anxious to go there again.

4.主语+as well as 等

当主语后面跟有由as well as ,in addition to,with ,along with,together with,except 等引导的词组时，其后的动词形式也取决于主语本身的形式。

eg:

The manager with some workers was working during the holidays.

The father ,as well as his sons ,is going to enroll.

The truck along with all its contents was destroyed .

The barn,in addition to the house ,was burned .

No one except two girls was late for dinner .

温馨提示：通过以上关于主谓一致是什么，什么是“就近原则”，这里有你要的答案内容介绍后，相信大家有新的了解，更希望可以对你有所帮助。