被动语态的构成和用法(被动语态的各种时态形式)

导语：被动语态的构成

近三年济宁中考语法填空题对被动语态进行了考察，主要考一般现在时和一般过去时的被动语态。解答这个题型，分为三步:

一.判断是否考察被动语态

1.根据被动语态的结构来判断，若动作的承受者(动作的对象，多是名词或代词)在空前，实施者在空后(有时省略)，则用被动语态

2.根据主语和谓语的逻辑关系来判断，若主语和谓语构成逻辑上的动宾关系，则用被动语态

二.根据时间状语和已经发生的动作的时态来确定正确的时态

三.根据被动语态的结构，写出动词的正确形式

1.被动语态的构成

(1)一般现在时

结构am/is/are done

The toy is made in China.

(2)一般过去时

结构was /were done

The windows were broken yesterday.

(3)一般将来时

结构will/shall/be going to be done

The work will be finished soon.

(4)含有情态动词

结构情态动词+be done

The river shouldn&39;t allowed in the hospital.

(3)强调动作的承受者

Your homework must be finished today.

(4)主语是物

Many houses were washed away by the flood.

4.主动结构表被动意义的情况

(1)write,open,read,sell,clean,cut,burn,drive等词作不及物动词时，当它们的主语为物时，主动结构表被动意义

The pen writes very smoothy.

(2)look,sound,taste,smell等感官动词用主动结构表被动意义

The soup tastes delicious.

(3)be worth doing 主动形式表被动意义

The book is worth reading

(4)need/require doing 相当于need/require to be done

The flowers need watering＝The flowers need to be watered.

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