小升初英语语法大全整理版(小升初英语语法大全书)
导语:小升初英语语法大全
一、 名 词
表示某一事物,有具体的和抽象的之分。分为可数名词和不可数名词。
强调:不可数名词都默认为单数,所以总是用is或者was;最好不要根据some、any、a lot of等词去作判 断,以免受误导。
1、可数名词如何变―复数形式‖:
a.一般情况下,直接加-s,如:book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds ;读音:清辅音后读[s],浊辅音和 元音后读[z]。
b.以s. x. sh. ch结尾,加-es,如:bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches ;读音:[iz]。
c.以辅音字母+y结尾,变y为i, 再加-es,如:family-families, strawberry-strawberries ;读音:[z]。
d.以或fe结尾,变f或fe为v, 再加-es,如:knife-knives ,thief-thieves;读音:[z]。
e.以o结尾的词,分两种情况
1)有生命的+es 读音:[z] 如:mango-mangoes tomato-tomatoes hero-heroes
2) 无生命的+s 读音:[z] 如:photo-photos radio-radios
f. 不规则名词复数: man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, snowman-snowmen, mouse-mice, child-children, foot-feet, tooth-teeth, fish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese
2、不可数名词没有复数。如果要计算不可数名词所表达的数量,就得在数词和不可数名词之间加上―量 词+of‖。例如:a glass of water, a piece of paper, a bottle of juice
判断步骤:
↗ 如是am、is或was→原形
读句子→读该单词→认识该单词→理解意思→看be动词
↘如是are或were→加s或es
练一练:
1、写出下列各词的复数。
I _________ him _________ this _______ her ______ watch _______ mango_______child _______ photo ________ diary ______ day________ foot________ dress ________ tooth_______ sheep ______ box_______ strawberry _____ thief _______ engineer______ peach______ sandwich ______ man______ woman_______ leaf_______ people________
2、用所给名词的正确形式填空。
(1)Are there two ————( box ) on the table?
(2)I can see some———— ( people ) in the cinema.
(3)How many ( day ) are there in a week?
(4)Here’re five ( bottle ) of ( juice ) for you.
(5)This —————( violin ) is hers. Those———— ( grape ) are over there.
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