助动词专项训练题及答案解析(助动词英语语法)
在横线上填入适当的词:
1. _____you help him with his English every evening?
2. He_____not good at maths.
3. Who_____he going with?
4. What other subjects _____ they have next term?
5. When _____ Leo finish his homework?
6. _____Julian been to Thiland already?
7. They_____not arrived at the hotel yet.
8. ______your teacher very strict with you?
9. Who ______under the tree?
10.What ____ he doing last night?
11.----_____the girl talking about me just now?
----No, she_____talking about the dog.
12.----_____you tell him that?
----No, I _____not tell him. I_____not tell him forever.
13.----How______your father go to work?
----Usually by bike. But this morning he _____not go by bike, He went by bus.
14.I ____not going to visit him tomorrow. I_____not be free.
15.They have lunch erarly, _____(not) they?
16.Julian has answered your phone,_____(not) he?
17.Leo must come here before 6, _____(not) he?
18.----Amy worked hard at school.
----So she____. Her teachers speak highly of her.
19.----Amy worked hard at school.
----So ____her sister. They both are very good at study.
20.----Amy is very good at study.
----So she____. She always gets good marks.
以上所有题目只须掌握助动词的“万能”原则:该句子的句子结构中有助动词时,用该助动词;该句子结构中没有助动词时用“万能”助动词do及does, did。
(句子结构不清楚的移步《二十分钟)
助动词有:
1 be动词:am is are及它们的过去式was were
2 情态动词:can may must will shall等及它们的过去式could might must would should
3 完成时中的have/has及其过去式had
4 “万能”助动词do/does/did
对以上各题的答案加深对助动词万能原则的认识:
1. __Do__you help him with his English every evening?
根据句意,本句时态为现在一般时结构为:主语+谓语动词+。。。,谓语动词为help,句子结构中没有助动词,表示疑问时须加“万能”助动词Do并将其倒装到主语前。
2. He___is__not good at maths this term.
根据句意,本句时态为现在一般时,现在一般时结构为:主语+谓语动词+。。。,由于good为形容词,句子中没有谓语动词,需用be短语结构(这就是be good at 等等短语中be的来历),由be充当谓语动词。结构中有助动词be,表否定时直接在助动词be后加not,答案为is。
3. Who___is__he going with?
句子中已有了going,显然是be going (to) 结构,结构中有助动词be,表疑问时直接将助动词be倒装到主语前,答案为is。
4. What other subjects ___will__ they have next term?
根据时间状语next term,可知本句时态为一般将来时,结构为:主语+will+动原+。。。(或“主语+be going to +...”),结构中有助动词will,表疑问时直接把助动词will倒装到主语前,本题答案为will。
5. When __will/did___ Leo finish his homework?
本句没有时间状语,问“什么时候完成家庭作业”,有两种可能:将什么时候完成和过去什么时候完成的。
根据将来时结构:主语+will+动原(或be going to 结构),结构中有助动词will,表疑问时直接将助动词will倒装到主语前,答案为will;
根据过去时结构:主语+谓语动词过去式+。。。,谓语动词为finish,结构中没有助动词,表疑问时得加万能助动词did并倒装到主语前,答案为did。
6. _____Julian been to Thiland alreay?
句中有过去分词been,含有过去分词的时态结构是现在(过去)完成时,根据句子情景,此句应为现在完成时,结构为”主语+have/has+动词过去分词“,结构中有助动词have/has,表疑问时直接将助动词have/has倒装到主语前,答案为has。
7. They___have__not arrived at the hotel yet.
句中有过去分词arrived,含有过去分词的时态结构为现在(过去)完成时:主语+have/has/had+动词过去分词+。。。,句子结构中有助动词。根据句子情景,此句应为现在完成时,表否定时直接在助动词have后加not,答案为have。
8. ___Is/Was___your teacher very strict with you?
根据句子情景,本句时态为现在一般时(或过去一般时),现在一般时结构为:主语+谓语动词+。。。,由于句子中strict为形容词,没有谓语动词,需用be短语结构(be strict with),由be充当谓语动词。结构中有助动词be,表疑问时直接将助动词be倒装到主语前,答案为is。如果谈论的是过去的事情答案为was。
9. Who ______under the tree?
根据句子情景,本句时态为现在一般时,现在一般时结构为:主语+谓语动词+。。。,由于under the tree为介词短语,句子中没有谓语动词,需用be短语结构(be under the tree),由be充当谓语动词。句子结构中有助动词be,表疑问时直接将助动词词be倒装到主语前,答案为is。
10.What __was__ he doing last night?
句子中有doing,有过去时间last nigh,含有现在分词同时时间为过去的句子结构为过去进行时,过去进行时结构为:主语+was/were+动词ing+。。。,结构中有助动词was/were,表疑问时直接将助动词be倒装到主语前,本句答案为单数was。
11.----___Was___the girl talking about me just now?
----No, she__was___talking about the dog.
参考题10。
12.----___Did__you tell him that?
----No, I __did___not tell him. I__will___not tell him forever.
根据句子情景每一二空所在句子为过去一般时,结构为:主语+谓语动词过去式+。。。,两空句子的谓语动词都是tell,结构中没有助动词,表疑问(第一空)和否定(第二空)时需要加”万能“助动词过去式did。第一、二空答案分别为:Did, did。
第三空的时间状语为forever,第三句应为一般将来时,结构为:主语+will+动原+。。。,结构中有助动词will,第三空答案为will。
13.----How______your father go to work?
----Usually by bike. But this morning he _____not go by bike, He went by bus.
根据对话情景,两空所在句子均为过去一般时,结构为:主语+谓语动词+。。。,两空句子的谓语动词都是go,句子结构中无助动词,表疑问(第一空)和否定(第二空)须加万能助动词did。
14.I ____not going to visit him tomorrow. I_____not be free.
第一句所用结构为:主语+be going to+...,结构中有助动词be, 表否定时直接在be后加not,答案为am。
根据说话情景,第二句也是将来一般时,所用结构为:主语+will+动原+。。。,结构中有助动词will,表否定时直接在助动词will后加not,答案为will。
15.They have lunch erarly, _____(not) they?
本题考察为反意疑问句,反意部分结构为:助动词(not)+主语(必须是代词)。
反意疑问部分的助动词取决于陈述部分,陈述部分有助动词,反意部分也用这个助助词。陈述部分没有助动词时,反意部分得用“万能”助动词,仍然遵守助动词的万能原则:自己有用自己的,自己没有就得加(万能助动词)。
本句陈述部分有助动词have,故答案为haven't。
16.Julian answered your phone,_____(not) he?
本句陈述部分没有助动词,反意部分得加“万能”助动词did(因陈述部分谓语动词为过去式),答案为haven't。
17.Leo must come here before 6, _____(not) he?
本句陈述部分有助动词must,故答案为mustn't。
18.----Amy worked hard at school.
----So she__did__. Her teachers speak highly of her.
“So+主语+助动词”表示主语确实如此。其助动词使用原则与反意疑问句相似。如果前面句子有助动词则此结构中用此助动词,如果前面句子没有助动词则须加万能助动词do/does/did。另外,时态须保持一致。
由于前面句子中没有助动词,须加万能助动词did(因Amy worked hart at school谓语动词为过去式)。
19.----Amy worked hard at school.
----So __did__her sister. They both are very good at study.
“So+助动词+主语”表示本句主语也如此。其助动词使用原则与反意疑问句相似。如果前面句子有助动词则此结构中用此助动词,如果前面句子没有助动词则须加万能助动词do/does/did。另外,时态须保持一致。
由于前面句子中没有助动词,须加万能助动词did。
20.----Amy is very good at study.
----So ____I. I work hard at school, too. .
本句为“So+助动词+主语”表示本句主语也如此。
由于前面句子有助动词be,“So+助动词+主语”结构中也用be,由于主语是I, 答案为am。
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